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Digital and Social Audit of Nike 

 Introduction

 

There are over 4.66 billion active internet users online (Johnson 2021). Therefore, proving that digital and social marketing are highly relevant in today's business climate. Throughout this digital and social audit, we will focus on Nike's current online presence and what they can do to understand better how they should optimize their website and engage their followers. Furthermore, it will include analyzing and comparing their strengths and weaknesses against their primary competitor Adidas. Below there are colour coded bullet points listing how they can improve- positives (green), issues (red) and recommendations (orange).

Team Leader: Amy Johnson

Members: Sharon Wong, Usanee Seehartai, Yiwenjun Ma and Sam Nicholls

Social Snap

About the Brand

When Nike was initially introduced in 1964, Blue Ribbon Sports. Later in 1978, the company changed its name to Nike Inc. Bill Bowerman, a track-and-field coach, and his former student Phil Knight started Blue Ribbon Sports in Beaverton, Oregon. They started their first retail outlet in 1966 and launched Nike brand shoe in 1972, and by the early 21st century, Nike had retail outlets and distributors in over 170 countries, and its logo, the "swoosh", can be recognized worldwide. 

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Nike is categorized as Apparel Accessories Sports equipment. It provides a range of products; together with its subsidiaries and other departments, they produce athletic footwear, apparel, equipment, and accessories worldwide. 

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Nike's target market mainly focuses on consumers ages 15 – 45. Its important target segment is women. In fiscal 2019, the Women's Training segment grew faster than the Men's Training segment; While the adults are the focus, young athletes are also a significant part of Nike's sales strategies. Hence, young athletes are a part of their target market. Nike focuses its marketing efforts on digital sites and platforms with the current economic situation, as Nike went high-tech to push into digital sports and e-Commerce. 

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Nike's marketing objective is to work towards the companies target market by employing a range of marketing communication strategies. As Nike is a consumer products company, its demand for products changes with the recent design trends. To keep up with the trends and changes in consumer likings, Nike must adjust the mix of current product offerings, develop innovative products styles, and influence sports and fitness preferences through broad marketing strategies. 

About the Target Audience

Nike's general target market is "all athletes," but that does not mean that market segmenting is not intensely used to identify various market segments. There are four bases for market segmentation: demographic, geographic, behavioural, and psychographic.

Demographic Segment

Demographic segmentation is the most used technique as it is easy to identify and measure. Nike uses this factor to target the individuals according to age, gender, occupation, generation, and life cycle stage. Primarily, Nike targets generation X and Y the most, which are 11-45 years old and tends to intensely focus on teens to build trust and long-term brand loyalty. For example, in 2014, a campaign created by Nike allowed teenagers to play with famous football athletes to inspire them to be like their heroes and attract them to buy teenage products.

Moreover, gender is another significant factor that Nike uses to attract the right target audience. Although male customers percentage is higher, Nike focuses more on female target audiences and invests heavily in females. Producing various female sports lines (such as sports bras or leggings) has helped attract more female customers. As research by Insider mentioned, "women's lines could add two billion in additional sales." Even though it is just 20% of Nike's revenues, this will help increase revenues significantly in the future. Even though Nike is not targeting the audience based on their ethnic backgrounds, such as race, nationality, social class, or religion, these factors can target variables with the high-price Nike products.

Geographical Segment

Geographic segmentation targets customers differently based on cities, regions, countries, and population density. Nike's most significant geographical segments are North American, followed by Western Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Greater China, Asia Pacific, and South America. Nevertheless, Nike advertisements differ depending on region or country. For instance, you are less likely to see American soccer or baseball advertisement in Europe.

Furthermore, Nike used behavioural segmentation based on the consumer's past actions, such as brand engagement and spending and browsing habits. As a result, Nike tends to build customer loyalty by providing them exceptional quality and innovative products to choose from to convince customers to purchase their products more frequently. When customers develop loyalty with the company, the company acquires rewards as an increase in sales and market share.

Psychographic Segment

The psychographic segmentation utilized used by Nike to target the audience based on their lifestyles, personalities, and interests, including hobbies, beliefs, and life goals. Nike must target the individuals into sports to accomplish this segmentation, whether watching, playing, or talking about sports topics. These are their interests and lifestyles. Nike combines customers' lifestyles with their interests and behaviours to create the "feeling" that transcend the products, and consequently, customers purchase similar products.

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Competitive Set

Nike is the Monopoly of the apparel accessories sports equipment industry has up to 75,000 employees, an estimated value of USD$35 billion, and revenue of USD$37.4bn (€31.2 bn) in the year ending 2020. While being the dominator in the trainers' industry, it has a few direct competitors: Adidas, Puma, Under Armour, etc.

Adidas comes as being the most significant direct competitor for Nike. Adidas is a footwear and sportswear brand that started in Germany in 1949. It currently has up to 57,000 employees with a revenue of €18.1bn by the year ending 2020 (Adidas 2020). As Nike's most significant direct competitor, Adidas hold the strength of having an essential investment in research and development and a substantial concern for environmental sustainability, which earns the consumers' best interests and loyalty to their brand. 

Following Puma, a sports footwear and clothes brand created in Germany in 1948 by Rudolf Dassler, brother of Adidas's creator. It has up to 13,000 employees with a revenue of €5.23bn in the year ending 2020; lastly, Under Armour was founded by Kevin Plank in the USA in 1995. It employed up to 16,600 employees with a revenue of €3.72bn by the year ending 2020.  

Digital and Social Audit

Digital Audit

Engagement and device distribution:

  • Their monthly traffic to the nike.com website is 7.60 million.

  • Searches on mobiles make up 66.51% of their website.

  • Since May, the average visited time on Nike's website has decreased on bot

  • Nike is pulling in 62.85% of organic search traffic.

  • High website visits, peaking in May due to shoes such as the Nike Dunks being restocked with new colours and Nike's SB Dunk Low "What The P-Rod"- a collaboration with Paul Rodriguez, a most cherished athlete and seven-time X Games gold medallist. 

  • Email and referrals channels have been trending upward throughout the past month (Similar Web 2021).

  • Declining site traffic on both mobile and desktop devices since collab in May.

  • A low number of paid adverts is shown through low traffic through referral and social channels. 

  • Even though organic searches are high, organic search terms are declining. For example, the search term "Nike" has fallen by 19.94% over the past month. Others like this have also reduced.

  • Utilizes their website, Nike should increase their use of paid adverts. It will help them stand out from competitors such as Adidas and promote new releases and upcoming collaborations to get customers back on their website.

  • Adversities more on social channels, an estimated 4.20 billion social users globally, according to the Digital 2021: Global Overview (We Are Social 2021). This is nearly 54% of the total global population.

 

For backlinks, analysis sees Appendix 1.

Website Grader analysis and SEO Health checks:

  • Website earns a relatively high score of 74/100.

  • Nikes domain authority is exceptionally high at 91, meaning they have high recognition when searched for (Figure 15).

  • Desktops have a reasonable loading time of 5.19 seconds.

  • Nikes on-page SEO score is 76/100 (Ubersuggests 2021), which means Nike's site is performing well.

  • Long mobile loading time of 15.42 seconds recommended site loading time is <5.3 seconds, and the high bounce rate of 41.78% means users are clicking away, especially on mobile devices.

  • Not as mobile-friendly as competitors meaning they do not perform well in search results (Website Grader 2021).

  • Some of Nike's pages do not feature meta tags; this can significantly decrease online users' chance to click on your content when shown on search results. In addition, if this is not amended, search engines typically take the first sentence from the page to display; this usually is not enough to pique the interest of online users.

  • Javascript is too long, making the site load slower (Website Grader 2021).

  • Critical issues such as duplicate pages, no sitemap.xml file to increase interactions with bots and a low word count on webpages have a high impact on Nike SEO health.

  • To increase visits again, Nike could add more text to their pages; by doing this, Nike tells Google crawlers and end-users more about what Nike has to offer. On average, web pages that rank on page 1 of Google contain around 2200 words (Ubersuggets 2021).

  • Furthermore, including a sitemap.xml file can help facilitate your chances of ranking, as it makes your site easier and more efficient to crawl.

  • Nike needs to ensure that all the title tags are unique within the HTML code to fix issues such as duplicate pages.

  • Decreasing the image sizes on Nike's pages will positively affect loading their load time on mobile devices.

  • Nike should make sure meta descriptions are added to each page as it will increase their chances of intriguing searchers to click on their content.

Overall

Throughout this digital media audit, ways to enhance Nike's websites have been found through improving organic reach, faster loading times, more paid advertisements (Joseph 2019), minimizing toxic backlinks. See Appendix 2 for short- and long-term recommendations.

Social Media Audit

Nike's Social Media Audit

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Figure 17 (Table created and screenshotted in Canva using is Social Insider (2021b).

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Recommendations for Nike's Social Media

  • Nike should improve how much they post across all social media platforms. For example, sharing stories of athletes of all types have to help Adidas boost their engagement ratesUtilizeise influencer marketing, the current global influencer marketing platform is valued at $4.6 billion. It has been projected to grow 25% annually until 2025 (Grand View Research 2021). 

  • Nike should post more IGTVs and live; the best time to post these are Monday to Thursday from 8:00 pm to 10:00 pm. Wednesdays, there is a chance for gaining the highest engagement with a probability of 68% at 8:00 pm (Hashtagie 2021).

  • Holding competitions/ giveaways for followers on Twitter and Instagram should also be adapted into Nike's strategy as it has worked very well for competitors.

  • Engaging more with followers on Twitter by responding to tweets or posting interactive polls makes followers feel involved with Nike's brand.

 

See Appendix 2 for further long-term goals.

 

Top Three Post Analysis

Nike's Instagram Audit

 

Content  

  • Strong themes of inclusivity and women empowerment portrayed throughout Nike's Instagram shows their attempt to reduce inequality and reflect Nike's brand personality. 

  • Nike: A black community commitment 

  • Images produced the highest average engagement,      followed by a carousel and video. (Figure 24) 

Engagement  

  • Nike Engagement rates are much lower on average (0.25% to 0.55%); however, the interaction is generally higher than Adidas. 

  • Only one in six top posts outperformed Adidas in terms of engagement compared to the corresponding ranked posts. (Figure 25).

  • Evidence suggests that Nike needs to increase their engagement rates to maintain a more substantial online presence than Adidas.  

Followers  

  • Nike has maintained consistent follower growth on Instagram (2.4%), reinforcing the strength of Nike's brand (Figures 26&27).

  • Nike has a much larger following than its competitors, 144m followers to Adidas's 25.9m followers. (Figure 26).

  • Nike has a much larger reach, meaning they have a more significant potential for impressions reducing the CPM of a marketing project. Nike can expect to achieve better ROI through a reduced CPM than its competitors. 

Mentions 

  • Nike has mentioned all photographers in each of their top 3 posts (Figure 23). This provides those that submit photos for Nike's Instagram incentive to develop their own personal profiles as they will be sure to gain followers as a result. This gives Nike a freeway way of attaining content. 

 

Nike's Twitter Audit

Content: 

·       Praising every pregnant mother has excellent perseverance, achieving high engagement (67,338). Utilize the celebrity effect to pay attention to the climate solutions. 

 

·       Compared to the date before the 10th of March, the percentage of tweets growth decreased 33.33% from 11th of March to 28th of April. (Figure 29) 

·       Research shows that Nike focuses on video content rather than a link, and the engagement per tweet is 17,418.25, which is much higher than the engagement of Adidas. (Figure 30).

 

Engagement: 

·       SEMrush (2021) shows that posts' likes receive the most engagement, against the retweets and replies. 

· Nike's total engagement rate is 0.820%, and Adidas's total engagement rate is 0.530%. (Figure 25) 

·       The engagement growth rate on Nike has decreased 44.44%; however, the growth rate on Adidas rockets to 676.44%. (Figure 32).

 

Followers: 

·       Nike has risen 1.32% follower growth, with 110,418 followers' change; Adidas has registered a steady growth (1.29%), with 49,905 followers change. (Figure 32 & 33). 

Mentions: 

·       The Chart of Mentioners of Nike (Appendix 34 & 35).

·       The Chart of Mentioners of Adidas (Appendix 36 & 37).

·       Adidas Hashtags are more than in Nike, and the engagement of Adidas is higher than that of Nike. 

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Adidas Instagram Audit

Content 

·        Adidas portray their ethicality through their sustainability and social support in their content. (#Blacklivesmatter#endplasticwaste).

·       Adidas have a wider variety of content types in their top 3 posts, including video. 

Engagement  

·       Average engagement is 0.3% higher than Nike (Figure 25) 

·       Image produced the best engagement for Adidas; this is likely due to the content and not the content type.  

Followers  

·       Follower growth rate is negative for Adidas (-0.085%) (Figure 33) 

·       Adidas experienced a mass drop in follower count in April 2021. (Figure 33) 

Mentions  

·       @Mylo_unleather mention of a sustainable fashion brand in collaboration with     Adidas. 

·       @Beyonce – One of the most significant fashion/beauty icons with over 177m followers brings publicity to the post and increases engagement. 

 

Competitive Analysis

  • See Appendix 7 for SWOT Comparison Analysis on Nike and Adidas.

  • See Appendix 8 for 5W'S & H

  • See Appendix 9 for Positioning Matrix.

  • See Appendix 10 for SWOT Analysis on Nike and Adidas's Digital Presences.

Overall 

The increase of 7.3% of internet users since January 2020 (Kemp 2020) tells us that social media is starting to take over traditional media (Coulter et al, 2012). If Nike takes full advantage of this by posting every day or at least three times a week, engagement rates should increase significantly. Therefore, increased engagement can help Nike predict trends and earn more about their customers' wants.

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Figure 18 (Table created and screenshotted in Canva using is Social Insider (2021a).

See Appendix 3 and 4 for a comparison of Instagram and Twitter.

Future Social Media Channel

Over the past year, TikTok has grown into one of the biggest social media platforms in work, estimating around 689 million users on the app (Iqbal 2021). TikTok is a social video app that allows users to share 15-60 second videos, soundtracked with music clips. TikTok is an extremely high engagement rate, filter, and enhanced reality app. The outbreak of Covid-19 meant many people stuck had homes due to national lockdowns and new regulations helping social media apps such as TikTok to boom, as seen in Figure 39. Nike already has an account verified on TikTok; however, they have only posted 33 videos since having the account. The current user age percentages on TikTok coincide with Nike's target audience; over 32% % of TikTok users in the USA are 10–19-year-olds (Iqbal 2021). Therefore, Nike could take full advantage of this platform, and by participating and starting new trends on the app, Nike could increase the brand's reach and engagement rates.

Nike's final recommendations for improvements:

To ensure that Nike reaches their full digital and social potential, the following recommendations have been made:

  • Created a posting schedule across all platforms at optimal times to make sure posts are frequent and receive maximum engagement from followers.

  • Hiring an SEO developer to test and improve the website experience for mobile users, such as decreasing image sizes on pages to make the loading time of their website shorter.

  • As lockdowns and Covid-19 regulations are eased, take full advantage of creating content with social media influencers, as it is a viable low-cost option to traditional marketing.

  • Increase polls and competitions to drive up overall followers and engagement levels across all social media platforms.

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